Lieb schonheyder



' (No Model.) 13'Sheets-Sheet 1.

'W. A. G. SGHONHEYDER.

' STOVE.

(No Model.)

w. A. a, SOHUNHEYDER.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

STOVE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1883-.

In Fenian 3 Sheets-Sheet 3-.

(No Mddel.)

W. A..-se.' SOHUNI-IEYDER.

STOVE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1 :83.

, 'NITED STATES rricn.

PATENT WVILLIAM ANTON GOTTLIEB SCHONHEYDER, OF SHEPHERD'S BUSH, COUNTY ()F MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,135, dated January 2, 1883.

Application filed March 20, 1882.

(No model.) Patented in England February 15, 1881, No. 653; in Belgium December 10, 1881, No.

56,453, and in France April 12, 18852, No. 148,97l.

ain and Ireland, have invented a new and use-.

ful Stove for Warming and Ventilating, (for part ot'which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, N0. 653, hearing date February 15, 1881,) of which the following is'aspecification.

My stoveis intended for warming and ven tilating dwelling-rooms or other inclosed spaces in such a manner as to render them pleasant to occupyat all times of the year, healthy, and cleanly. The source of heat may be any of the well-known hydrocarbon oils, or gas, or coal, orcoke,orotherheat-givingsnbstances. These I employin such a manner that while the whole or the greater proportion of their heating-power (and sometimes, also, therr light-giving power) is utilized, yet the products of combustion are not allowed to enter the room that has to be warmed, and therefore I avoid the present very general poisoning of the atmosphere by carbonicacid gas, sulphurous gas, &c.,'in stovesburning gas or oil, and in combination with the heating function I provide for thorough ventilation without the production of drafts.

Figure 1 represents a vertical section of the stove. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line as x of Fig. 1.- Fig. 3 is a horizontal section Fig.4

valve 24 ofthe base portion of the stove, taken at right angles to the section in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of one of the flue-valves, and Fig. 6 is a top view of the same Figs. 7,

y. 8, 9, 10, and 11 are detail views of the combnstion gas valve.

On Sheet 1 of thedrawings is shown the general arrangement of such a stove and the various fines or air-channel's connected with the same. i

l is the bodypart or casing of the stove, resting on "the base 2 and carrying at a suitable height the burner 3, ofwhich one only is shown; but two or three or any number may obviously be employed, according vto the requirements of the case.

are constructed of the best form, according to the substance whose consumption they have to aid. The example illustrated is designed to be used when a light gas is to be burnedsuch, for instance, as ordinary coal-gasand is provided with a specially-arranged contrivance for preventing, as far as possible, an accidental explosion of a mixture of gas and air in the interiorof the stove, as will be described farther on.

' The top of the chimney encircling the flame ing off the products of combustion, or a sliding sleeve may be employed, the upper partof which fits the flue-tube 4, while the lower part fits the top of the chimney in such a manner that itisnecessary to raise the said sleeve before the chimney can be taken away or before the gas-bracket can be swung to one side. The sliding sleeve may also be made of extra length, or in three or more tiers, one fitting inside the other, for the purpose of lowering-over the chimney, and thereby concealing the flame. After passing through the pipe 4, surrounded by an air-space inclosed by pipe 4., so as to avoid the overheating of the aircontained in the room, the products of combustion enter the valve-piece 5, descend the tube 6, rise again through the tube -7, and finally escape by the tube 8 into the chimney or fine, and hence into the atmosphere, havingfirstgiven up the greater portion of their heat partly to theair in the cept when the entry of this is interrupted. Instead, however, of taking the course here described, the handle 5 may be moved, whereby the valve-piece 5 will give a direct or short chimney, so that but a small portion ofheat will be abstracted from the products of conibustion while they are within the stove,and this course is advisable in mild weather, when ventilation is still required, for the hot products of combustion will then maintain a high temperature of the air in the chimney, and will therefore do useful Work. The sending of the products direct into the chimney may also be useful when the light-giving powerof the burn The burner or burners 3 may either fit close under the flue 4 for carryroom and partly to the iresh incoming air, ex-

communication between the pipe 4 and the and therefore in climates with moderate winters practically obtain the heat free of cost whenever the light is necessary.

As it is found difficult in some cases, when the burning fluid or gas is placed high up, as shown in the drawings, to cause the heat to descend low enough into the body or casing 1, I employ a supplementary heater, (or radiator, as it is frequently termed,) 9, which may be a simple box or tubes, or of other form, and

heated by steam or hot water (or even by gas, 850.; but in that case a line is carried into the chimney for removing'the products of combustion) in the usual manner; and I arrange this heater so that the air in the room may either be heated by it, passing in and out, as shown by the arrows, or the greater portion of the heat from it may, by changing the valve 10, be

caused to travel direct into the ventilating-flue by the pipe 11, and in doing so assist to maintain the ventilation in mild weather.

In order to heat the casing as low down as possible by the products of combustion from the flame of the oil, 850., I insert into the casing of the stove a pipe, 12, surrounding the pipe 7, and also a pipe, 6, in acrescent-shaped space, wherein the air is descending. Said space is between the casing 1 and the pipe 12, and is closed at the ends of the pipe 12 by horizontal crescent-shaped .plates shown in Fig. 2. The confined air in pipe 45 is caused to ascend by the heat from the burner, and, entering the top of the crescent-chamber, its heat is absorbed by the walls of the pipe 12, and, falling to the bottom thereof, is again drawn up between the plate 14 and casing 1 to the tube 13 and 4. I further provide a connecting-pipe, 13, between the casing 1 aihd the pipe 4, the outcomeot' this combination being this: that the air inclosed between the easing 1 and the pipe 12, as also the air between 4 and 4, will continually circulate in the direction of the arrows, and therefore carry a portion of the excessive heat away from the pipe 4 down to the lower part-t. 6., as low down as the division 14 reaches-of thecasing 1. i

The object of arranging the stove so as to cause the air in the crescent-shaped casing to circulate is to bring the heat from the burner to as low a level as possible-in other words, to make the hot exterior of the stove as long as possible, whereby the circulation of the air in the room is aided, and therefore the temperatures of the upper and lower parts are made ,to approach each other to a greater extent than they otherwise would. The pipe 12 does the further duty of preventing the air surrounding the pipe 6 (and which maybe overheated or burned owing to the high internal temperature of the upper end of 6) from entering the room. When ventilation or light or both are required, but not heat, and when it is therefore not desirable to circulate the air in the crescent-formed space, as just described, the said circulation may be prevented by a small ordinary throttle-valve in the pipe 13, and this valve maybe worked in conjunction with the-valve-handle 5.

For ventilating the room I provide a special pipe,-l5, which is laid to carry the air from any desired source and to convey it into the base 2, passing on its way through the openings 16in the bottom of the base and the sliding valve 17, and rising through the body part of the stove, as indicated by the arrows, becoming warmed by contact with pipes 6 and 12. The warmed air emerges into the upper part of the room, as shown, circulates through it, and is withdrawn from near the floor by the apertures 18, 19, and 20and the pipe 21, or, if preferable, by the pipe 22, (shown in dotted lines,) and passes into the ventilating-flue, the excess of heat of the escaping air above that of the external air, together with the heat of the products of combustion, maintaining sufficient difference of pressure between the chimney and atmosphere for ventilating purposes.

As the warm casing of the stove causes a good circulation of air in the room apart from that set up by the incoming fresh air the air will be about equally pure in all parts of the room, and tor sanitary purposes itis therefore immaterial from what point the air is withdrawn but for economical reasons I prefer to withdraw it from near the floor, where the coldest strata always prevail. When theroom is not occupied, (as sitting-rooms or offices in the night or bed-rooms in theday-time,) and where ventilation is therefore not necessary, the slide 17 is pushed in by the knob shown attached to the door 23, and which is connected to 17, and by so doing all ingress and egress'ot' air are interrupted, and no ventilation will then take-place, but only circulation, as the result partly of the hot outside of the casing, as before, and partly by air entering the opening previously covered by the door 23, the air from the floor of the room taking the course up through the stove previously pursued by the incoming fresh air.

Isometimes provide a special ventilator for communicating direct between the upper part of the room and the chimney or ventilatingflue,wherebyairadmittedinto theroom through pipe 15 may be withdrawn from the room by said special ventilator, which may be located above the pipe 8 and communicate directly with the chimney, and I connect the slide or valve of this ventilator by prelerence with the lever of the valve 24, as shown by the rod 24 in Fig. 4, so that the two may be worked in conjunction, and that the special ventilator may not be left open in winter through oversight or ignorance.

Draining-holes 2-3 and 26, and sometimes pipes from these openings, are provided for carrying away the condensed vapors of the products of combustion; andfor moistening the incoming air a large trayis provided, covering the top of the stove, and from which, when greater humidity is needed, water can be supplied to a smaller tray underneatlukept, hot by the escaping gases.

In order to prevent the gas,.&c., lights from being blown out whenever a downblow takes place in a badly-arranged el1imney,l form the flue-pipe leading to the chimney of such a shape that the products of combustion are admitted freely into said chimney; bntan aircurrent coming from thechimney is deflected upward over the flue-pipe 8 by the projection 45, andthe said current, instead of hindering the updraft in line 7, will promote. it by the action of the induced current set up. The air coming from the chimney and the products of combustion will ofcourseenter the room while the downblow lasts and slightly foul the atmosphere; but the light or lights will not be put out. Figs. 5 and 6 on Sheet 2 show the valve-box 5 to a larger scale in section and in sectional plan at two dilferent levels. Figures of reference on this sheet refer to corresponding parts on Sheet 1. The valve is shown open for admitting the products direct to the chimney. Stops are provided to prevent the valve being moved too far, and the pipe 27 fits sutficiently easy into the socket of the valve-piece to admit of free movement. r In Figs. 7 to 10 on Sheet 3 are shown the detailsot' the gas-bracket previously alluded to. i

28 is the flanged part which issecured to .the casing of the stove, and 29 is the arm which carries the burner, the swivel -joint and the gas-tap, as also gaspassages, being clearly shown The bracket comprises the cam-shaped washer 30 on the gas-tap, the bowshaped lever 31, with tail-piece 32, the recesses 33 and 34 in the portion ofthe swinging arm surrounding the plug-piece, iiiid a small spiral spring in the recess The various parts are shown in the relative positions they occupyafter the extinction of the gas, the tail-piece 32 have ing, partly by its own weight and partly by the assistance of the spiral spring, been brought down in front ofthe projection 36 ofthe washer 30, and the tap being completely locked, the gas-passage 30 being turned across the line of feed,as shown, the projection 39 preventing its being turned to the right and the projection 36 to theleft: As all the gear is inclosed and cannoteasily be tampered with, it will readily. be seen that before the gas can be again turned on it is necessary to swing the arm 29, with its burner, to one side, whereby the small projec- .tion 40 on the upper side of the left-hand end of lever 31 is "caught by one of the projections 41 (see Fig. 10) at either side bf recess 34, theleftban (1 end ofthelever is depressed, and the righthand end is raised sufficiently to bring it into a horizontal position. theend of lever 32 clear of the projection 36, and will leave the tap free to be turned about forty-five degrees, until, in fact, the sloping piece 37 of cam 30 comes in contact with lever 32 andtends to raiseit still higher. This, however, is prevented by the projection 42 on the right hand and upper side of lever 31 coin. ing in contact with either of the raised platforms 41 extending between recesses 33 and 34. The swinging bracket not being now under the flue-pipe 4, the escaping gas will pass into the room and not into the stove. The projecting piece 37 is arranged to limit the movement of the tap, so that only a glimmer can belighted, and not until the arm has again been tu ned straighti. a, with the chimney under pipe 4-can the gas be turned on full. The projection 37 then lifts the right-hand end of lever 31, and the projection 42 enters the recess- 33, and in so doing locks the bracket in itscentral position, and the projection 35 abuts against the lever 32.

It is evident that with the safety-gear just described, and with only the most ordinary care, an explosive mixture cannot possibly be formed or fired in the stove.

43 43 and 44 are stops, the first two formed on the under side of the pivoted end of arm 29 and the latter on the upper edge ofthe bracket, forlimitingthemovementsof theswinging arm to a little less than one-third ofa circle.

From the description given of the principal parts, as shown on Sheet 1, it will appear that when oil or gas is used the light can be had with or nearly without the heat accompanying combustion, and that the atmosphere of the room is not vitiated by the fumes from the light-giving medium; further, that perfect ventilation without drafts can always be had independently of the temperature of the room 'as compared with that of the external air, and

that when a room is not occupied the heat necessarily escaping with the air'ot' ventillation, although not always large, maybe saved. In other words, the temperature can be maintained with a diminished consumption ofoil, or gas, or steam, 85c.

- Although Lconsider the form of stove and the combinations as shown on Sheet 1 to be the best and most economical, yet circumstances may necessitate variations. .The stove may, for instance, be made square or rectangular, or may be incorporated with the constructive portions of the room or other space to be warmed, or may be made to represent pieces of furniture, or be modified to harmonize with the ornamentations ot' the room. In some cases, also, the gas or oil, 8m, heating parts may be used without the steam or hot-water radiator, or the radiator may be used by itself; but generally this would 'be found to result in a wasteful mode of, working, and is therefore not it issues into the room, t'rom which the vitiated air escapes into the base, and thence through the exit to the chimney, while in another position of the valve the air-supply enters the room directly from the base, the 'vitiated air escaping through the body of the stove to the exit, substantially as set forth.

2. In a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, wherein the base has an air-supply from the outer atmosphere, an exit into the chimney, an opening or openingsinto the room, and a reversing-valve, substantially as and for the purposes described, a slide or valve governing the air supply-and exit, so arranged in combination with a valve or door opening from the stove-base into the room that by closing the air supply and exit and opening the lastnamed valve or door the air from the room is caused to enter the base through the latter, and, after circulating through the stove, to issue back into the room again, substantially as set forth.

3. In a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, having fines for the escape of the gaseous products of combustion into the chimhey, the combination, with a valve, substantially as described, ot' a flue-pipe leading into the chimney and open at its inner end, and having an inner projection, 45,so that the products of combustion are admitted freely to the said chimney, but an aircurrent coming down the said chimney is deflected upward over the flue-pipe by said projection, substantially as set forth.

4. In astove for heating and ventilating purposes, an air-space surrounding the hotter part of the flue or fines-that is, that portion thereof immediately above the burner and exterior to the stove proper and containing a body of air which can be made to circulate upward and downward in contact therewith and with the casing of the stove and the pipethrough which the cold air passes, located within the stove for the purpose ot conveying the heat from the tlue or tlues to a large portion of the stove, and also to the air in or entering into the room, without danger of burning the latter, substantially as described.

5. In a stove l'or heating and ventilating, the combination of an air space surrounding the hotter part of the flue or fines, and containing a body of air which can be made to circulate in contact therewith, and located exteriorly to the stove proper, and connected with theinterior thereof, and the pipe through which the cold air passes for the purpose of conveying the heat from the flue or flues to a large portion of the stove, and also to the air in or entering into the room without danger of burning the latter, and a valve for checking or stopping the motion of the said body of air when the stove is required for ventilating purposes only, substantially as described.

6. In a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, the combination of fines and a valve, as

5, for the escape of the gaseous products ot' combustion into the chimney, so arranged in combination with a valve, 10, that,.according to the position of the said valves, the gaseous products either traverse one fine or set of fines, and impart their heat to the air circulating in and through the stove, or escape by another line or set of fines into the chamber in their heated condition, and an air-space surrounding the chimney and the hotter part of the flue or tines, and containing a body of air which can be made to circulate in contact with the casing of the stove and the pipe through which the cold air passes for the purpose of conveying the heat from the fine or fines to a large por-.

tion of the stove, and also to the air in or enteringintothe room,withoutdangerofburning the latter, substantially as described.

7. In a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, the combination of a base having an airsupply from the outer atmosphere, an exit into a chimney, an opening or openings into the room, and a reversing-valve, with fines and a valve or valves for the escape of the gaseous products of combustion into the chimney, so arranged that, according to the position of the valve or valves, the gaseous products either traverse one line or set offlues, and impart their heat to the air circulating in or through the stove, or'escape'by another tlue or set of fines into the chimney in their heated condition, substantially as described.

8. In a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, the combination of a base having an airsnpply from the outer atmosphere, an exit into chimney, an opening or openingsin to the-room, and a reversing-valve, with an air-space surrounding the hotter part of the flue or lines, and containing a body of air which can be made to circulate in contact therewith and with the casing of the stove and the pipe through which the cold air passes for the purposes of conveying the heat from the tlue or fiues to a large portion of the stove, and also to the air in or entering into the room, substantially as described.

9. The combination, in a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, of a base having an air-supply from the outer atmosphere, an exit into chimney, an opening oropenings into the room, a reversing-valve, a slide or valve governing the air'snpply-and exit, and a valve or door opening from thestove-base into the room, with fines for the escape of the gaseous products ot'combnstion into the chimney, so arranged in combination with a valvethat, ac-

. cordingto the position of gaseous products either traverse, one flue or the said valve, the

set of flncs, and impart their heat to the air circulating in or' through the stove, or escape by another flue or set of flues into the chim-- ney in their heated condition, and with an airspace surrounding the hotter part of the flue or fines, and containing a body of air which can be made to circulate in contact therewith and with the casing of the stove and the pipe through which the cold air passes for the purpose of conveying the heat from the hotter part of the flue or fines to a large portion of the stove, and also to the air in orentering into the room, without danger of burning the same, substantially as described.

10. 111 a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, the combination, with a base having an air-supply from' the outer atmosphere, an exit into chimney, and an opening or openings into the room, substantially as described, ot' a supplementary heater or radiator provided'with' an airinlet from the room, and outlets controlled by a valve to the interior of the stove and to the flue, the valve and outlets being so arranged that the air of the room may either,

pass into the heater and out into the interior of the stove-or out into the flue to aid the draft, substantially as described.

11. In a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, the combination of a supplementary heater or radiator provided with an air-inlet from the room, and outlets controlled by a valve to the interior of the stove and to the flue, the valve and outlets being so arranged that the air ofthe room may either pass into the heater and out into the interior of the stove or out into the flue to aid the draft, with lines for the escape of the gaseous products of combustion in-to t'he chimney, so arranged in combination with a valve that, according to the position of the said valve, the gaseous products either traverse one flue or set of lines, and impart their heat to the air circulating in or through the stove, or escape by another flue or set of flues into the chimney in their heated condition, substantially as described. y

12. The combination, in a stove for heating and ventilating purposes, of a base having an air-supply from the outer atmosphere, an exit into chimney, an opening or openings into the room, a reversing-valve governing the air supply and exit, a valve'or door opening from the stove'base into the room, lines for the escape of the gaseous products of combustion into the chimney, so arranged in combination with a valve that, aceordingto the position of the said valve, the gaseons'products either traverse the one flue or set offiues, and impart their heat to the air circulating in and through the stove, or escape by another flue or set of dues passes for the purpose of conveying the heat from the better part of the flue or fines to a large portion of the stove, and also to the air in or entering into the room, without danger of burning the same, and a supplementary heater or radiator provided with an air-inlet from the room,and outlets controlled bya valve to the interior of the stove and to the chimney, the valve and outlets being so arranged that the air of the room may pass into the heater or radiator and out into the interior of the stove or out intothe chimney tiall y as described.

, 13. In a stove, an external pipe communieating with an internal flue or flues, and provided with a sleeve adapted to inclose the upper end of a gas-burner chimney, and a gasburner arranged to be turned in or out for ignition, and comprisinga gas taptorvallve in combination with a lever so arranged with incline slots, grooves or cam-surfaces, and fixed stops that (a) when the gas-tap is turned on fully the lever locks the burner in its working position';v (11,) the burner cannot be moved from its working position without first turning the tap, so as toextinguish the gas, or nearly so; (0,) when the burner is out ofits working position the lever prevents the tap from being opened more than to a very slight extent, it being necessary to move the burner into its working position again before the tap can be fully turned on; (07,) and such turning of that tap moves the lever into position for locking the burner, all

substantially as herein described and shown.

14. A stove for heating and ventilating purposes, comprising a base with an air supply and exit, opening or openings into the room,

a reversing-valve, a slide or valve governing the air supply and exit, a valve or door opening from the stove-base into the room, and flues for the escape of the gaseous products of combustion, in combination with a valve, a sliding or telescopic sleeve over or around the flame, an air-space divided by a valve surrounding the hotter part of the fines, a supplementary heater or radiator, and a gas-burner arranged to be turned in and out for ignition, the whole conto aid the draft, substanstructed, arranged, and operating substantially as described and shown, and for the purposes specified.

WILLIAllIANTON GOTTL'IEB SOllllNHEYDER.

Witnesses:

F. J. BROUGHAM, Clerk to M1. Lloyd Wisefl Whitehall Place, London, S. W.

H. J. TROTTER, 7 Whitehall Place, London, 8. W. 

